FOR three centuries, the Irish refused to give up their Catholic altars on pain of heavy fines, imprisonment and death. The practice of their religion was strictly prohibited by the British crown and their churches, including St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin, which was dedicated in 1191, were all taken over by the new clergy. It is one of the great mysteries and miracles of history that the Irish persisted for so long, establishing secret altars in homes, on rocks, in caves, in ditches and even in holes in the ground. Those who could not find their way to these hidden places often turned toward the direction of those sacred altars and prayed their Spiritual Communions as the unseen Host was lifted. "From the golden hour in which St. Patrick as bishop said his first Mass on Irish soil down to the coming of the Normans, love of the Blessed Eucharist was one of the dominant characteristics of the Irish race," Fr. Augustine Hayden wrote in 1933. This devotion was never diminished by oppression. On April 14, 1655, to cite one example of that oppression from Hayden's book Ireland's Loyalty to the Mass, three priests were brought before a Protestant jury in Wexford. The jury concluded that no crime had been committed, to which the judge replied, "No crime could be more heinous than to be a priest," and the three priests were hung. Priests and bishops were constantly on the run…